#Symphytum officinale c30 plus

Herein, the total ion chromatogram (TIC) of samples and mixed standard substances are displayed in Figure 1. The application method was efficient, and the mean SFE extraction rate of CSF was 1.42% (1.19–1.73%). To acquire more precise information about compounds of CSF, analytical conditions were determined by optimizing a sequence of parameters like the elution gradient and flow rate of the mobile phase, whereby the components of SFE extracts in CSF were able to be isolated in the positive mode where the detection signal was better than that in the negative-ion mode within 30 min. The SFE extracts of 8 batches of CSF (seen from Table 1) were analyzed via UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS.

#Symphytum officinale c30 plus

(9,10) In addition, although high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) are usually used for the analysis of plant chemicals, recently, ultraperformance liquid chromatography plus Q-Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS) has proved to be a more rapid, efficient, and sensitive implement than HPLC-MS and GC-MS in the field of the analysis of extracts and bioactive constituents from medicine and food plants. SFE is a low-temperature extraction technology and widely implemented to extract chemical components in plants, due to the potential to extract nonpolar and low-polarity substances. Up to now, there have been a few studies wherein supercritical fluid CO 2 extraction (SFE) was used to extract the chemical compounds of CSF prior to ingredient analysis. These observations indicated that SFE joint with UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS owing to the potential of characterizing the lipophilic components could be used to promote quality assessment and chemotaxonomic investigation in phytology sciences of CSF.Īs reported previously, many compounds such as coumarins and limonoids were separated and distinguished in the CSF extracts by use of methanol, (6−8) although it is worth considering that some lipophilic components like nonpolar and low-polarity substances may not be easily obtained by the use of common organic solvents.

Especially, coumarin, dehydrocostus lactone, atractylenolide II, and atractylenolide I were exclusively found in CSF from the Guangdong province isopsoralen was almost exclusively found in CSF from the Guangxi province and ferulic acid was exclusively found in CSF from the Zhejiang province. Moreover, there were significant differences in the components of CSF from different origins. It was illustrated that CSF may be abundant in polymethoxyflavones, as in coumarins. The results indicated that 39 lipophilic compounds were successfully separated and unambiguously or tentatively identified, where 4 coumarins, 6 polymethoxyflavones, 3 phthalides, 6 terpenes, and 4 phenolics were not reported formerly. Eight batches of CSF samples from five main producing areas were extracted by SFE under optimized conditions, and then SFE extracts were dissected via UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS. To thoroughly evaluate the quality of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus (CSF) and acquire knowledge of the lipophilic components of CSF from different origins, a simple and efficient approach based on supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) combined with ultraperformance liquid chromatography plus Q-Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS) detection for the discrimination of components from CSF was set up for the first time in this work.